In this chapter, you will learn how to use SQLite in Java programs.
Installation
Before you start using SQLite in our Java programs, you need to make sure that you have SQLite JDBC Driver and Java set up on the machine. You can check Java tutorial for Java installation on your machine. Now, let us check how to set up SQLite JDBC driver.
- Download latest version of sqlite-jdbc-(VERSION).jar from sqlite-jdbc repository.
- Add downloaded jar file sqlite-jdbc-(VERSION).jar in your class path, or you can use it along with -classpath option as explained in the following examples.
Following section assumes you have little knowledge about Java JDBC concepts. If you don’t, then it is suggested to spent half an hour with JDBC Tutorial to become comfortable with the concepts explained below.
Connect to Database
Following Java programs shows how to connect to an existing database. If the database does not exist, then it will be created and finally a database object will be returned.
import java.sql.*;
public class SQLiteJDBC {
public static void main( String args[] ) {
Connection c = null;
try {
Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
} catch ( Exception e ) {
System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("Opened database successfully");
}
}
Now, let’s compile and run the above program to create our database test.db in the current directory. You can change your path as per your requirement. We are assuming the current version of JDBC driver sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar is available in the current path.
$javac SQLiteJDBC.java $java -classpath ".:sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar" SQLiteJDBC Open database successfully
If you are going to use Windows machine, then you can compile and run your code as follows −
$javac SQLiteJDBC.java $java -classpath ".;sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar" SQLiteJDBC Opened database successfully
Create a Table
Following Java program will be used to create a table in the previously created database.
import java.sql.*;
public class SQLiteJDBC {
public static void main( String args[] ) {
Connection c = null;
Statement stmt = null;
try {
Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
System.out.println("Opened database successfully");
stmt = c.createStatement();
String sql = "CREATE TABLE COMPANY " +
"(ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL," +
" NAME TEXT NOT NULL, " +
" AGE INT NOT NULL, " +
" ADDRESS CHAR(50), " +
" SALARY REAL)";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
stmt.close();
c.close();
} catch ( Exception e ) {
System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("Table created successfully");
}
}
When the above program is compiled and executed, it will create COMPANY table in your test.db and final listing of the file will be as follows −
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3201128 Jan 22 19:04 sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1506 May 8 05:43 SQLiteJDBC.class -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 832 May 8 05:42 SQLiteJDBC.java -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3072 May 8 05:43 test.db
INSERT Operation
Following Java program shows how to create records in the COMPANY table created in above example.
import java.sql.*;
public class SQLiteJDBC {
public static void main( String args[] ) {
Connection c = null;
Statement stmt = null;
try {
Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
c.setAutoCommit(false);
System.out.println("Opened database successfully");
stmt = c.createStatement();
String sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
"VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 );";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
"VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 );";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
"VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 );";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
"VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
stmt.close();
c.commit();
c.close();
} catch ( Exception e ) {
System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("Records created successfully");
}
}
When above program is compiled and executed, it will create given records in COMPANY table and will display following two line −
Opened database successfully Records created successfully
SELECT Operation
Following Java program shows how to fetch and display records from the COMPANY table created in the above example.
import java.sql.*;
public class SQLiteJDBC {
public static void main( String args[] ) {
Connection c = null;
Statement stmt = null;
try {
Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
c.setAutoCommit(false);
System.out.println("Opened database successfully");
stmt = c.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
while ( rs.next() ) {
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
int age = rs.getInt("age");
String address = rs.getString("address");
float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
System.out.println();
}
rs.close();
stmt.close();
c.close();
} catch ( Exception e ) {
System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
}
}
When the above program is compiled and executed, it will produce the following result.
Opened database successfully ID = 1 NAME = Paul AGE = 32 ADDRESS = California SALARY = 20000.0 ID = 2 NAME = Allen AGE = 25 ADDRESS = Texas SALARY = 15000.0 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy AGE = 23 ADDRESS = Norway SALARY = 20000.0 ID = 4 NAME = Mark AGE = 25 ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000.0 Operation done successfully
UPDATE Operation
Following Java code shows how to use UPDATE statement to update any record and then fetch and display the updated records from the COMPANY table.
import java.sql.*;
public class SQLiteJDBC {
public static void main( String args[] ) {
Connection c = null;
Statement stmt = null;
try {
Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
c.setAutoCommit(false);
System.out.println("Opened database successfully");
stmt = c.createStatement();
String sql = "UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
c.commit();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
while ( rs.next() ) {
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
int age = rs.getInt("age");
String address = rs.getString("address");
float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
System.out.println();
}
rs.close();
stmt.close();
c.close();
} catch ( Exception e ) {
System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
}
}
When the above program is compiled and executed, it will produce the following result.
Opened database successfully ID = 1 NAME = Paul AGE = 32 ADDRESS = California SALARY = 25000.0 ID = 2 NAME = Allen AGE = 25 ADDRESS = Texas SALARY = 15000.0 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy AGE = 23 ADDRESS = Norway SALARY = 20000.0 ID = 4 NAME = Mark AGE = 25 ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000.0 Operation done successfully
DELETE Operation
Following Java code shows how to use use DELETE statement to delete any record and then fetch and display the remaining records from the our COMPANY table.
import java.sql.*;
public class SQLiteJDBC {
public static void main( String args[] ) {
Connection c = null;
Statement stmt = null;
try {
Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
c.setAutoCommit(false);
System.out.println("Opened database successfully");
stmt = c.createStatement();
String sql = "DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
c.commit();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
while ( rs.next() ) {
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
int age = rs.getInt("age");
String address = rs.getString("address");
float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
System.out.println();
}
rs.close();
stmt.close();
c.close();
} catch ( Exception e ) {
System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
}
}
When the above program is compiled and executed, it will produce the following result.
Opened database successfully ID = 1 NAME = Paul AGE = 32 ADDRESS = California SALARY = 25000.0 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy AGE = 23 ADDRESS = Norway SALARY = 20000.0 ID = 4 NAME = Mark AGE = 25 ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000.0 Operation done successfully