In this guide, we will discuss Clojure Operators. An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations.
Clojure has the following types of operators −
- Arithmetic operators
- Relational operators
- Logical operators
- Bitwise operators
Note − In Clojure, operators and operands work in the following syntax manner.
Syntax
(operator operand1 operand2 operandn)
For example,
Example
(+ 1 2)
The above example does an arithmetic operation on the numbers 1 and 2.
Arithmetic Operators
Clojure language supports the normal Arithmetic operators as any language. Following are the Arithmetic operators available in Clojure.
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Addition of two operands | (+ 1 2) will give 3 |
| − | Subtracts second operand from the first | (- 2 1) will give 1 |
| * | Multiplication of both operands | (* 2 2) will give 4 |
| / | Division of numerator by denominator | (float (/ 3 2)) will give 1.5 |
| inc | Incremental operators used to increment the value of an operand by 1 | inc 5 will give 6 |
| dec | Incremental operators used to decrement the value of an operand by 1 | dec 5 will give 4 |
| max | Returns the largest of its arguments | max 1 2 3 will return 3 |
| min | Returns the smallest of its arguments | min 1 2 3 will return 1 |
| rem | Remainder of dividing the first number by the second | rem 3 2 will give 1 |
Relational Operators
Relational operators allow comparison of objects. Following are the relational operators available in Clojure.
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| = | Tests the equality between two objects | (= 2 2) will give true |
| not= | Tests the difference between two objects | (not = 3 2) will give true |
| < | Checks to see if the left object is less than the right operand | (< 2 3) will give true |
| <= | Checks to see if the left object is less than or equal to the right operand | (<= 2 3) will give true |
| > | Checks to see if the left object is greater than the right operand | (> 3 2) will give true |
| >= | Checks to see if the left object is greater than or equal to the right operand | (>= 3 2) will give true |
Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to evaluate Boolean expressions. Following are the logical operators available in Groovy.
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| and | This is the logical “and” operator | (or true true) will give true |
| or | This is the logical “or” operator | (and true false) will give false |
| not | This is the logical “not” operator | (not false) will give true |
The following code snippet shows how the various operators can be used.
Bitwise Operators
Clojure provides four bitwise operators. Following are the bitwise operators available in Clojure.
| Sr.No. | Operator & Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | bit-andThis is the bitwise “and” operator |
| 2 | bit-orThis is the bitwise “or” operator |
| 3 | bit-xorThis is the bitwise “xor” or Exclusive ‘or’ operator |
| 4 | bit-notThis is the bitwise negation operator |
Following is the truth table showcasing these operators.
| p | q | p&q | p | q | p ^ q |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Operator Precedence
As is the case with LISPs in general, there is no need to worry about operator precedence. This is one of the benefits of S-Expressions and prefix notation. All functions evaluate left to right and inside out. The operators in Clojure are just functions, and everything is fully parenthesized.
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