In this guide we will discuss about R Data Types. In programming languages, we need to use various variables to store various information. Variables are the reserved memory location to store values. As we create a variable in our program, some space is reserved in memory.
In R, there are several data types such as integer, string, etc. The operating system allocates memory based on the data type of the variable and decides what can be stored in the reserved memory.
There are the following data types which are used in R programming:
| Data type | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Logical | True, False | It is a special data type for data with only two possible values which can be construed as true/false. |
| Numeric | 12,32,112,5432 | Decimal value is called numeric in R, and it is the default computational data type. |
| Integer | 3L, 66L, 2346L | Here, L tells R to store the value as an integer, |
| Complex | Z=1+2i, t=7+3i | A complex value in R is defined as the pure imaginary value i. |
| Character | ‘a’, ‘”good'”, “TRUE”, ‘35.4’ | In R programming, a character is used to represent string values. We convert objects into character values with the help ofas.character() function. |
| Raw | A raw data type is used to holds raw bytes. |
Let’s see an example for better understanding of data types:
#Logical Data type
variable_logical<- TRUE
cat(variable_logical,"\n")
cat("The data type of variable_logical is ",class(variable_logical),"\n\n")
#Numeric Data type
variable_numeric<- 3532
cat(variable_numeric,"\n")
cat("The data type of variable_numeric is ",class(variable_numeric),"\n\n")
#Integer Data type
variable_integer<- 133L
cat(variable_integer,"\n")
cat("The data type of variable_integer is ",class(variable_integer),"\n\n")
#Complex Data type
variable_complex<- 3+2i
cat(variable_complex,"\n")
cat("The data type of variable_complex is ",class(variable_complex),"\n\n")
#Character Data type
variable_char<- "Learning r programming"
cat(variable_char,"\n")
cat("The data type of variable_char is ",class(variable_char),"\n\n")
#Raw Data type
variable_raw<- charToRaw("Learning r programming")
cat(variable_raw,"\n")
cat("The data type of variable_char is ",class(variable_raw),"\n\n")
When we execute the following program, it will give us the following output:
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