In this guide, we will discuss Abstract Window Toolkit(AWT).
Graphical User Interface
Graphical User Interface (GUI) offers user interaction via some graphical components. For example, our underlying Operating System also offers GUI via a window, frame, Panel, Button, Textfield, TextArea, Listbox, Combobox, Label, Checkbox, etc. These all are known as components. Using these components we can create an interactive user interface for an application.
GUI provides results to end-user in response to raised events.GUI is entirely based on events. For example clicking over a button, closing a window, opening a window, typing something in a textarea, etc. These activities are known as events.GUI makes it easier for the end-user to use an application. It also makes them interesting.
Basic Terminologies
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| Component | A component is an object having a graphical representation that can be displayed on the screen and that can interact with the user. For examples buttons, checkboxes, lists,s, and scrollbars of a graphical user interface. |
| Container | A container object is a component that can contain other components. Components added to a container are tracked in a list. The order of the list will define the components’ front-to-back stacking order within the container. If no index is specified when adding a component to a container, it will be added to the end of the list. |
| Panel | The panel provides space in which an application can attach any other components, including other panels. |
| Window | The window is a rectangular area that is displayed on the screen. In the different windows, we can execute the different programs and display different data. The window provides us with a multitasking environment. A window must have either a frame, dialog or another window defined as its owner when it’s constructed. |
| Frame | A-Frame is a top-level window with a title and a border. The size of the frame includes any area designated for the border. Frame encapsulates window. It and has a title bar, menu bar, borders, and resizing corners. |
| Canvas | The canvas component represents a blank rectangular area of the screen onto which the application can draw. The application can also trap input events from the use from that blank area of the Canvas component. |
Examples of GUI based Applications
Following are some of the examples for GUI-based applications.
- Automated Teller Machine (ATM)
- Airline Ticketing System
- Information Kiosks at railway stations
- Mobile Applications
- Navigation Systems
Advantages of GUI over CUI
- GUI provides graphical icons to interact while the CUI (Character User Interface) offers the simple text-based interfaces.
- GUI makes the application more entertaining and interesting on the other hand CUI does not.
- GUI offers click and execute environment while in CUI every time we have to enter the command for a task.
- New user can easily interact with graphical user interface by the visual indicators but it is difficult in Character user interface.
- GUI offers a lot of controls of file system and the operating system while in CUI you have to use commands which is difficult to remember.
- Windows concept in GUI allow the user to view, manipulate and control the multiple applications at once while in CUI user can control one task at a time.
- GUI provides multitasking environment so as the CUI also does but CUI does not provide same ease as the GUI do.
- Using GUI it is easier to control and navigate the operating system which becomes very slow in command user interface. GUI can be easily customized.
In this guide, we will learn about Abstract Window Toolkit. To know more click here.