SciPy, pronounced as Sigh Pi, is a scientific python open source, distributed under the BSD licensed library to perform Mathematical, Scientific and Engineering Computations.
The SciPy library depends on NumPy, which provides convenient and fast N-dimensional array manipulation. The SciPy library is built to work with NumPy arrays and provides many user-friendly and efficient numerical practices such as routines for numerical integration and optimization. Together, they run on all popular operating systems, are quick to install and are free of charge. NumPy and SciPy are easy to use, but powerful enough to depend on by some of the world’s leading scientists and engineers.
SciPy Sub-packages
SciPy is organized into sub-packages covering different scientific computing domains. These are summarized in the following table −
| scipy.cluster | Vector quantization / Kmeans |
| scipy.constants | Physical and mathematical constants |
| scipy.fftpack | Fourier transform |
| scipy.integrate | Integration routines |
| scipy.interpolate | Interpolation |
| scipy.io | Data input and output |
| scipy.linalg | Linear algebra routines |
| scipy.ndimage | n-dimensional image package |
| scipy.odr | Orthogonal distance regression |
| scipy.optimize | Optimization |
| scipy.signal | Signal processing |
| scipy.sparse | Sparse matrices |
| scipy.spatial | Spatial data structures and algorithms |
| scipy.special | Any special mathematical functions |
| scipy.stats | Statistics |
Data Structure
The basic data structure used by SciPy is a multidimensional array provided by the NumPy module. NumPy provides some functions for Linear Algebra, Fourier Transforms and Random Number Generation, but not with the generality of the equivalent functions in SciPy.